Zasady rozpoznawania nadciśnienia tętniczego u noworodków, dzieci i młodzieży

*Bożena Werner, Piotr Wieniawski

Summary
The prevalence of arterial hypertension in pediatric population is still increasing and is estimated up to 5%. Elevated blood pressure in childhood is a risk factor of arterial hypertension in adulthood. The authors present the diagnostic rules in different age groups: neonates, children and adolescents. The diagnosis of arterial hypertension is based on standard blood pressure measurement and interpreted based on the normal distribution of blood pressure in pediatric population according to the sex, age, and height. In teenagers older than 16 years the arterial hypertension should be graded as for adults. In neonatal period the hypertension is recognized when systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure exceeds the 95 centil for postconceptional age. The blood pressure in both term and preterm neonates also correlates with birth weight. The most common reasons of arterial hypertension in different age groups are discussed and the diagnostic process schedules are mentioned. The laboratory investigation as well as the indications for additional diagnostic tests are presented.

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