Aktywność fizyczna kobiet w ciąży o fizjologicznym przebiegu

Dorota Torbè¹, *Andrzej Torbè², Dorota Ćwiek³

Summary
Being pregnant is a special time in a woman’s life. Therefore, every pregnant woman should be aware that her health behaviors affect the child’s health, but also the health of herself during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. Regular physical activity is one of the basic elements of a healthy lifestyle, however women reluctantly undertake such activity during pregnancy and they rather prefer passive refreshment, which should be considered as not advantageous situation. In this paper the general guidelines of undertaking various kinds of safe physical activity during uncomplicated pregnancy were described. Activities related to physical preparation for delivery include exercises of particular muscle groups, general conditioning training, breathing exercises and relaxing techniques. The purpose of these activities is to achieve good condition and conscious control of muscles involved in labor process, with simultaneous relaxation of other muscle parts. In combination with increased range of joints mobility, especially of the hip and the spinal column, these reduces the time of labor and facilitates its progress. Additionally, the soothing effect of such activities on common pregnancy complaints, as well as acceleration of reverting gestational changes in the puerperal period, was confirmed. The optimal length of training session is 45 minutes, with equal 15 minutes periods for warming up, general conditioning exercises and finally relax. For women who were not active before pregnancy the first exercises should not be too intensive. They should start with 15 minutes sessions repeated three times weekly and gradually increase their frequency to 4-7 a week. The profile of exercises should be suitable for each trimester of pregnancy with particularly careful approach in the first trimester. However, gymnastics is not the only form of activity which pregnant women may undertake to maintain good physical condition. A beneficial effect on the pregnant organism have also such forms of recreation as stationary bike training, swimming in a pool, yoga, pilates, running or walking. Evident benefits of oriented and controlled physical activity during pregnancy are causing that women should be coaxed for such activities and that they should be educated in this area by media, as well as by professional medical staff.

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