Wartość badań obrazowych w diagnostyce i leczeniu nowotworów złośliwych. Rola PET-CT

*Ewa Telka

Summary
Recent advances in cancer treatment, including combination therapy concurrent or sequential radiotherapy, advanced irradiation techniques (3D, IMRT, IGRT, 4D or respiratory gating) and a new imaging methods (CT, MR, PET-CT) resulted in significant improvement of treatment results in both local and long-term overall survival of many cancers (especially lung cancer), both early and advanced disease. Introduction to diagnosis and treatment of PET-CT allowed accurate assessment of the degree of sophistication in the evaluation of metastases in the lymph nodes and distant organs, and allowed the precise definition of the tumor, thereby escalating the dose of radiotherapy in the GTV (gross tumor volume), without increasing the risk of early and late radiation complications. The PET-CT technique is now standard in the diagnosis, staging and risk of relapse due to its higher sensitivity and specificity compared to CT, especially in the evaluation of lymph nodes and distant metastases, e.g. lung cancer, gynecological cancers. This allows for an accurate assessment of tumor volume, hypoxic areas of assessment, dose escalation in radiation therapy and thereby improve outcomes and to monitor tumor response to treatments and early detection of relapse. It is the only study with metastases of unknown starting point to locate the primary tumor, if it is not possible with other available studies (endoscopy, CT or MRI).

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