Rola składników odżywczych oraz innych substancji w powstawaniu nowotworów

*Małgorzata Kardasz, Danuta Pawłowska

Streszczenie
Oncological prophylaxis postulates that approximately 40-60% of all tumors are caused by diet, and that the majority may be reduced in great measure. It has been show that a good diet and dietary components plays a important role in cancer pathogenesis, its clinical course and the results of treatment. Naturally occurring substances in food have been shown in laboratory experiments to serve as dietary antimutagens, either as bioantimutagens or as desmutagens. Dietary desmutagens may function as chemical inactivaters, enzymatic inducers, antioxidants or scavengers. Dietary components may also act later in the carcinogenic process as tumor growth suppressors. An important source for antioxidant is diet, which associated with a diminished risk for several cancers. Specific strategies should include current nutritional guidelines for healthy living and cancer prevention, such as selecting a diet of foods primarily from plant sources, limiting the intake of high – fat foods and limiting consumption of alcohol can maintain or improve our basic health and reduce the risk of cancer. Unbalance diet low in essential nutritional antioxidants is a factor increasing the free radical formation. The deteriative effects of free radicals are counteraced by the antioxidant vitamins A, C and E that quench free radical reactions. Fruit and vegetables are excellent sources of antioxidant vitamins. The individual is responsible for his/her own health and has the capacity to implement and maintain a safer life – style and healthy diet in order to reduce cancer risk.

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