Obowiązujące i projektowane metody leczenia zaparć będących efektem ubocznym terapii bólu opioidami

Krzysztof Różycki^{1, 2}, Jacek Rapacz, Jakub Fichna², Piotr Kosson³

Summary
Pain is a serious problem for many patients. Frequently one needs to resort to strong medications to alleviate it. More often than not, however, this leads to further setbacks for the patient. Thus, constipation is reported in the majority of patients who take opioids as analgesics, which may likely herald additional health complications. Consequently, on numerous occasions patients make a decision to reduce the dose of the prescribed opiod, the resulting increase in pain level notwithstanding. The paper offers a thorough review of the currently available traditional and pharmacological methods of treating opiod-related constipations. Present-day research results in the area of innovative medications are also presented, including the PAMORA group, which unlike the previously employed drugs, are unable to interact with the central nervous system. Thanks to a new molecular design they do not have the means to penetrate the intestinal barrier and do not interfere with the pain-relief effects of morphine. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of effective implementation in this area for oncological patients, as current solutions tend to favour non-cancerous pain. The search for new medications in this group is under way.

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