Atopowe zapalenie skóry – patomechanizm, diagnostyka, postępowanie lecznicze, profilaktyka

*Magdalena Millan, Jarosław Mijas

Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. It is charcterized by periods of relaps and remission, persistent itching, typical localisation and onset of skin lesions at an early age. It is believed that the pathogenesis consist of complex interactions between genetically determined disorders of the structure and function of the epidermal barrier, impaired immune and inflammatory response, infectious and enviromental factors. Laboratory diagnostics of AD focuses primarily on detecting abnormalities of immunological phenomenal. The main tests are total IgE serum markers, spot skin tests, specific IgE levels, atopic patch tests. To assess the severity of the disease we use various measuring methods.
Treatment modalities of patients with AD are dependent on patient's age, on the intensity of both skin symptoms and subjective signs of the disease i.e. itching and sleep disturbances, on the body surface involved with lesions, as well as on the type of sensitizing allergens. In case of remission of the disease the most important factor is to prevent dryness of the skin using emollients, which reconstruct integrity and continuity of stratum corneum.

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