Zmienność rytmu zatokowego (HRV)

Wojciech Bogusławski¹, Joanna Solarz-Bogusławska²

Summary
Heart rate variability (HRV) assessment is a relatively simple electrocardiographic method aimed at analyzing the length differences between subsequent RR intervals.
In this work we have attempted to investigate the autonomic modulation of heart rate via describing the influence of physiological and pathophysiological factors. The systematic development of the diagnostic method, beginning with simple tests in the 1960s, has led to measurement standardization as well as establishment of HRV assessment guidelines by cardiological and electrophysiological societies. Many works have proved the relationship of environmental and physiopathological factors, neuropsychological conditions and lifestyle with heart rate. Certain presently unmodifiable factors reduce the physiological irregularity of heart rate. The described methods include time analysis, frequency analysis and non-linear assessment of heart rate variability. We have presented HRV analysis in the most frequent disease entities and, consequently, the diagnostic and prognostic possibilities. HRV lowering may be treated as a signal of adverse events, especially in cardiovascular diseases. This non-invasive method also allows one to assess the repair processes taking place in the body as well as the beneficial influence of individual medicines.

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