Metformina – dawny lek będzie lekiem przyszłości?

Magdalena Potempa¹, Paweł Jonczyk¹, Kinga Szczerba¹, Aleksandra Potempa², Beata Kandefer¹, Dariusz Kajdaniuk³

Summary
Metformin is one of the most popular oral hypoglycemic drugs. In a chemical view of metformin, it belongs to biguanide derivatives. Beginnings of metformin discovery reach 1960s of XX century. That time Jean Sterne revealed its clinical hypoglycemic action. Metformin role within the cell comes to inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I in liver cells. It results in decrease of energy state of cell and alters its profile from anabolic to katabolic one. Thereby gluconeogenesis has been blocked out because of insufficient ATP production in liver cell. Beside this, metformin is able to “sensitize” peripheral cells on insulin which decreases insulin resistance – common disturbance among patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2. Clinical significance of metformin doesn’t limit just on therapy of diabetes type 2. Its other indications are inter alia polycystic ovary syndrome, prediabetes (performing together with metabolic syndrome constituents). Moreover in last years came about a great development of studies considering anticancer role of metformin.

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