Szczepienia przeciw onkogennym wirusom HPV u młodocianych w profilaktyce raka szyjki macicy

*Bogusław Lindner¹, Mariusz Bidziński²

Summary
Vaccinations against oncogenic HPV of adolescents in cervical cancer prevention.
Cervical cancer (CC) is still a frequent cause of cancer related deaths among women in Poland. Current poor epidemiological situation may be improved by social education and widespread application of prevention strategy against primary and secondary CC. Although currently applied cervical smear tests allow for detection of CC in its early stages, they do not prevent the disease and are not sufficiently effective due to low attendance of women and low sensitivity of the detection method. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infections have been implicated in development of cervical, vulvar or vaginal cancers in women, penile cancer in men as well as anal or head and neck cancers in both sexes. Studies conducted by Prof. Harald zur Hausen, awarded with a Nobel Prize in medicine in 2008, showed that presence of HPV DNA in cancer cells is an etiological factor in CC development. These data also allowed to establish active prophylaxis against CC in a form of preventive vaccinations. Here we review current knowledge regarding the role of HPV in the cancer development, present latest improvements in vaccines against cancer-causing HPV and describe polish sources of recommendation for such vaccinations of adolescents and adults.

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