Badania anatomiczne części nadziemnych i podziemnych rzepienia pospolitego Xanthium strumarium L. oraz analiza chromatograficzna frakcji garbnikowej

*Tadeusz Wolski¹, Tomasz Baj¹, Katarzyna Wolska², Wanda Zwolan¹

Summary
The present work is a continuation of research on species Xanthium strumarium L. In the previous sections describe its pharmacological properties, phytochemical analysis of phenolic compounds, sterols and triterpenes and analyze the content and composition of essential oil. The first time the raw material was carried out systematic anatomical studies stems, leaves and roots. It has been shown that in all the examined organs are secreted structure in the form of channels, vascular tissue and hair. In the present discharge channels. The stem was a small secretory channels that form two rings external and internal. The root canals are secreted in the cortex secondary. The results of analysis of tannins in the examined organs Xanthium strumarium L. are as follows: the highest percentage shows the herb 10.54%, fruits 7.14% and the lowest roots 3.35%. TLC analysis allowed to identify the presence of phenolic acids: caffeic, gallic and ferulic in all the tested extracts, and in addition to identify the chlorogenic acid from extracts of the herb, fruit and roots following acid hydrolysis. HPLC analysis of tannin fractions after hydrolysis of extracts from the herb, fruit and roots revealed the presence of the following phenolic acids in the herb: gallic, caffeic, protocatechuic, syringic, chlorogenic, ferulic and vanilic; in fruits gallic, caffeic, protocatechuic, chlorogenic, ferulic and vanillic; and in the roots of gallic, caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic and vanilic acids.

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