Inhibitory tyrozynazy z grzybów i porostów jako regulatory melanogenezy

Natalia Zakęs, *Elżbieta Studzińska-Sroka, Wiesława Bylka

Summary
Tyrosinase is an enzyme widely distributed in nature, occurring in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. It is an oxidase known to be the key enzyme in biosynthesis of melanin, a pigment responsible for the color of mammalian skin and hair. Moreover, tyrosinase controls browning reactions in damaged fruits and fungi. Both the hyperpigmentation in the human skin and the enzymatic browning in fruits are not desired, that is why, it seems relevant to search for substances that inhibit the melanogenesis. Because the pigment’s disorders are a common cosmetic problem, the skin whitening compounds are added to commercially available cosmetics in order to obtain a lighter skin appearance. The literature indicates that whitening substances can influence different levels of melanin production in the skin. Among the constituents which cause depigmentation, the inhibitors of tyrosinase, often of natural origin, are the most popular and most widely used. The article describes the characteristics of tyrosinase and tyrosinase inhibitors isolated from fungus and lichen.

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