Podbiał pospolity (Tussilago farfara L.)

Paulina Piotrowska, *Małgorzata Wojcińska, Irena Matławska

Summary
Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara L., Asteraceae) is a perennial plant that abundantly grows wild throughout Europe, and is commonly found in western, central and northern Asia, in the mountains of North Africa as well as North America. Different parts of the plant (leaves in Europe, flowers – most often in Asian countries) have been used in traditional medicine since ancient time, mainly to treat respiratory tract conditions (as bronchitis, cough and asthma) and inflammations of the oral mucosa. The mucilage present in all coltsfoot organs is most likely responsible for the observed demulcent effect. Some activities of this plant have been confirmed in pharmacological trials. In addition to its beneficial effects, application of coltsfoot may increase the incidence of liver damage and cancerous liver tumors, due to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, some of which are toxic. That is why its use is subject to legal restrictions in some countries. Here we present an updated review on coltsfoot, including its chemical composition, proven pharmacological activity as well as potent adverse reactions.

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