Rak kanału odbytu – opis przypadku

*Konrad Wroński

Summary
Tumors of anus are rare tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Anatomically the anal canal is a structure with a length of 3-5 centimeters. Histopathological diagnosis puts out after taking a biopsy of the tumor made during anoscopy. The most common histological type of cancer of the anal canal is squamous cell carcinoma. In other invasive anal canal cancer are adenocarcinoma, small cell, mucinous adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma. The stage of the tumor is evaluated based on imaging studies. The treatment of choice for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a chemoradiotherapy. Any surgery can be done after previous treatment combination or as part of life-saving therapy after failure of chemoradiotherapy. The treatment of choice adenocarcinoma of the anal canal is abdominoperineal resection of the rectum and radiotherapy are used under the same conditions as adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Enlarged lymph nodes seen during palpation and imaging tests should be verified by histopathology – necessary to perform a fine needle aspiration biopsy or open surgical biopsy. The revised metastatic inguinal lymph nodes, inguinal lymphadenectomy should be performed. Due to the necessity of combination therapy of cancers of the anal canal, their treatment should be reserved only for highly specialized cancer centers.
In this article the author presents the case of 55-year-old man with cancer of the anal canal. The article presents recommendations for the treatment of anal canal cancer in the light of current knowledge.

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