Oszacowanie potrzeb edukacyjnych rodziców w zakresie szczepienia przeciwko pneumokokom na przykładzie wybranego gabinetu lekarza POZ

*Justyna Tymińska¹, Jacek Wysocki^{2, 3}

Summary
Introduction. Realization of national immunization programme is one of the primary care physician’s tasks due to preventing infectious diseases. Physician is legally obliged to inform patients about compulsory and recommended vaccines. This duty is difficult to be realized in practice because of limited primary care visit length.
Aim. Aim of this study was to estimate the parental educational needs in the field of pneumococcal vaccination on the example of chosen primary care practice.
Material and methods. The number of 1667 patients underwent a specially created algorithm consisting of 4 questions to be asked parents by the physician. With the aid of the algorithm the patients were assigned to certain groups. The information about pneumococcal vaccination was given to parents of children naïve to pneumococcal vaccination who haven’t been previously informed about this by physician. Finally the analysis of patients’ medical documentation and vaccination records was conducted.
Results. Parents of 358 children naïve to pneumococcal vaccination haven’t been previously informed about this vaccine by physician (336 recommended and 22 compulsory). In the group of recommended vaccination there was 33.6% infants < 6 months old, 33.3% ≤ 2-years-old, 22.9% ≤ 12 months, 10.2% between 7-11 months. In the group of compulsory vaccination 11 children were born less than 37 week gestation, 4 children with birth weight < 2500 g, 5 children suffered from asthma, 1 child from diabetes type 1 and 1 child from chronic heart disease. Analysis conducted on children born < 37 Hbd and those with birth weight < 2500 g showed that 54.54% parents haven’t been informed about compulsory pneumococcal vaccination by physicians on neonatal ward and the rest 45.46% by physicians on the first postnatal care home visit. Analysis of vaccination records of children immunized against pneumococcal disease showed that majority children both recommended (43.68%) and compulsory (71.79%) were given first dose under the age of 6 months.
Conclusions. Parents should be informed about pneumococcal vaccination as soon as possible while most of them decide to administer first dose early. The presented algorithm improves estimation of parental educational needs in the field of pneumococcal vaccination but is time-consuming. Educational activities supporting physicians in informing parents about vaccination should be undertaken.

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