Wpływ witaminy D na organizm człowieka

Zygmunt Zdrojewicz¹, Ewa Chruszczewska², Michał Miner²

Summary
Vitamin D is no more identified only as factor participating in calcium-phosphate homeostasis. Many researches in recent years prove pleiotropic action of vitamin D, which plays an important role in functioning of immune, cardiovascular and nervous system, in prevention of cancers and diabetes. This multidirectional action is possible because of occurrence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in many human cells. It is known that majority of vitamin D is produced in the skin under the influence of UVB radiation. Real problem of vitamin D deficiency in population of Central Europe, particulary during autumn and winter, should be noticed. Common use of sun protection creams significantly reduces endogenic synthesis of vitamin D also in spring and summer. The main exogenous sources are fish, eggs and cheese. It should be mentioned, that there are groups of increased vitamin D demand, for example premature infants, obese people, pregnant women and the elderly. Preventive administration of vitamin D is recommended in doses adjusted to age and weight, more intensified dosing in state of deficiency. In opposite to the hipovitaminosis, vitamin D hipervitaminosis is very rare. From the point of view of general practitioner it is very important to detect vitamin D deficiencies and proper supplementation. At present, in polish pharmaceutical market vitamin D is available in oral drops, twist-off capsules, tablets and aerosol. It allows to adapt drug form to age and patients preferations.

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