Analiza spożycia witamin rozpuszczalnych w tłuszczach przez dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym z Turku*

Sylwia Merkiel, Wojciech Chalcarz

Summary
Introduction. In the literature, there are few published articles about vitamin intake in Polish preschool children.
Aim. To analyse intake of fat-soluble vitamins in preschool children from Turek, including vitamin density in the preschoolers’ diets.
Material and methods. From among 165 children who attended a preschool in Turek, 50 children aged 4 to 6 years took part in the study, including 20 girls and 30 boys. To estimate vitamin intake, food record was used: the foods eaten at preschool were weighed and the foods eaten outside preschool were estimated using typical household measures. Vitamin intake was calculated in Dieta 4.0 computer programme. Vitamin density was estimated as amounts per 1000 kcal of energy intake using Microsoft Excel 2010. Statistical analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Vitamin intake was analysed according to gender.
Results. Statistically significant differences between girls and boys were observed only in intake and density of vitamin D (μg, μg/1000 kcal). In girls, intake of vitamin D was higher than in boys, 1.83 vs 1.25 μg. Also, vitamin D density was higher in girls than in their peers, 1.48 μg/1000 kcal vs 0.97 μg/1000 kcal.
Conclusions. Unbalanced content of all analysed fat-soluble vitamins in the studied preschoolers’ diets favours the development of diet-related diseases and requires urgent intervention. These results show the need to implement nutrition education programme for parents and preschool staff, with special attention paid to dietary sources of fat-soluble vitamins and providing adequate amounts of these vitamins without using dietary supplements.

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