Analiza kosztów pośrednich stwardnienia rozsianego w Europie – przegląd systematyczny

Paweł Moćko, Paweł Kawalec, Ewa Stawowczyk

Summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown and probable autoimmune etiology. MS is lifelong illnesses which have a significant impact on quality of life and personal burden through a loss of productivity of the patient, which is expressed by costs related to sickness absence, sick leave, early retirement or informal care. Indirect costs represent a significant part of total expenditures.
The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the indirect costs of multiple sclerosis. The search was carried out in Medline, EMBASE, the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and reference lists of identified articles. Articles written in Polish, English, published from 2000 to 2014, were included. All costs were converted into U.S. dollars at purchasing power parity (USD PPP) and adjusted to 2012 values by using the consumer price index. In all identified studies estimation of the indirect costs was performed with human capital method. The most often considered category of indirect costs were: absenteeism, early retirement and long-term sick leave.
Results of the identified studies showed that indirect costs comprise a significant contribution in the total costs associated with the MS and their range was 11 003 USD and 57 468 USD. Moreover a dominant role in the structure of indirect costs had a cost of early retirement (89% of total indirect costs), an average value was 20 432 USD per patient per year. This literature synthesis indicated that multiple sclerosis generate significant indirect costs, mainly due to loss of productivity resulting from the early retirement.
In summary, the indirect costs associated with multiple sclerosis are a serious burden in the total costs associated with the disease for national budgets.

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