Metody leczenia atopowego zapalenia skóry

Andrzej Bożek, Anna Dzienniak, Aleksandra Foks, Justyna Kucharczyk, Justyna Maciejiczek, Magdalena Marcak, Gniewko Więckiewicz

Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. It is characterized by periods of relapse and remission, persistent itching, typical placement and the onset of skin lesions at an early age. Its multifaceted pathogenesis consist of complex interactions between genetically determined disorders of the structure and function of the epidermal barrier, impaired immune and inflammatory response, infectious and environmental factors.
The aim of the treatment of atopic dermatitis is to alleviate the symptoms or get rid of them completely. Methods of treatment are based on topical and systemic means, depending on the severity of the disease.
Topical treatment is aimed at suppressing or modulating the immune response along with the improvement of the natural barrier of the skin. The essence of local therapy is the proper care of the skin, the usage of emollients and active pharmaceutical preparations in the form of corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. The systemic treatment consists mainly of immunomodulatory agents such as glucocorticoids, cyclosporin and azathioprine, oral formulations and antipruritic drug-free methods such as phototherapy. In the search for newer and newer methods of treatment of AD, attempts to use the intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, immunotherapy or biological drugs appeared. Because of the multifactorial and not completely understood pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, the treatment is combined of a variety of methods acting on the individual factors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, it is important to understand the essence of the patient’s illness and the good cooperation physician, the patient and their caregivers.

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