Działanie immunostymulujące wodnego wyciągu z liści aloesu drzewiastego (Aloe arborescens Mill.)

Janina Drozd, *Elżbieta L. Anuszewska

Summary
Genus Aloe was traditionally applied for the medicinal practice over thousands of years and used for treatment of wide range of medical indication from stomach disorders to cancer. Fresh leaves of Aloe arborescens contain various groups of chemical compounds such as: glycoproteins, polysaccharides, hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives, vitamins, minerals, aminoacids and many others, which show multidirectional therapeutic action. These active components are responsible for immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory and antimicrobial effects of Aloe arborescens.
Therefore the aim of our study was to demonstrate that water Aloe arborescens extract positively affects the survival of mouse thymocytes in cultures with hydrocortisone (cytotoxicity test) and increases the count of splenocytes forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep red blood cells (E-rosette test ).The immature thymocytes have steroid receptors on their surface, therefore being sensitive to the lytic action of hydrocortisone, which induces an active process of autodestruction leading to apoptosis. During maturation and obtainment of immunological power the cells lose these receptors and become resistant to steroids. The ability of splenocytes to bind sheep erythrocytes to form spontaneous resettes depends on the binding of glycoprotein structures present on the surface with lipids present on the surface of sheep red blood cells.
The obtained results show that water Aloe arborescens extract increases survival rate of Balb-c mouse thymocytes in cultures with hydrocortisone and increases the ability of splenocytes to attach to sheep erythrocytes in E-rosette test. Comparison of the results for water extract from the Aloe arborescens leaves with those obtained for synthetic immunostimulators: levamisol and isoprinosine, shows no differences between the immunostimulatory activity of both.

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