Rola mikroorganizmów patogennych w przewodzie pokarmowym człowieka

Ewa B. Górska¹,Anna M. Granieczna¹, Urszula Jankiewicz², *Paweł Kowalczyk¹

Summary
The level of bacteria in the digestive tract may vary due to abiotic factors, such as food and habitat. Human digestive tract is a heterogeneous environment containing more or less friendly niches for bacterial colonization. Which includes Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Streptococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Lactobacillaceae family and representatives. The main factors determining the final composition of microflora and distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract are the host factors (pH, secretions, immunoglobulins, bile salts, enzymes, peristalsis, sloughed cells). Beneficial effects of gut microflora environment can create intestinal health. Has a general effect improving the quality and reducing the production of intestinal putrefactive substances. In healthy people, dominate mainly the intestinal microflora in health beneficial microorganisms, remaining together in the biological equilibrium. The total intestinal microbial biomass is 0.5-1.5 kg and is referred to as the largest “organ” in the body. Number of bacteria in the stomach and upper small intestine is lower due to the presence of gastric acid. Stomach acids and bile are strongly antibacterial and can kill most of the bacteria getting to the environment, which protects the body from infection by harmful bacteria.

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