Dieta paleolityczna. Część II. Porównanie z dietą śródziemnomorską

Paulina Zych¹, *Dorota Szostak-Węgierek²

Summary
In the first part of this paper we described characteristics of the paleolithic diet, both that of prehistoric hunter-gatherers, as well as of its contemporary modification. In this part of the paper contemporary paleolithic and Mediterranean diets were compared. Both of them are good sources of fiber, micronutrients, antioxidants and flavonoids that are components of fresh fruits and vegetables. In the both models of nutrition mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids dominate, and the content of saturated fatty acids is relatively low. However, the paleolithic diet is a more abundant source of protein and cholesterol, and contains less carbohydrates than the Mediterranean model of nutrition. Besides, unlike the Mediterranean diet, it is calcium deficient. There is a great body of evidence of the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet and its modifications in cardiovascular prevention and also in the treatment of hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Clinical trials on the use of paleolithic diet in the treatment of these diseases were performed in small groups of patients and were short-term. There is a concern about its acid load, that especially in the context of low calcium content may probably increase the risk of osteoporosis. Among the two described models of nutrition the Mediterranean diet has more beneficial effect on health.

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