Wybrane determinanty jakości życia w cukrzycy

*Helena Motyka¹, Krystyna Stanisz-Wallis²

Summary
Introduction. Considering the global and unchanging growing trend of the diabetes incidence rate, the disease and its complications constitute a specific challenge for healthcare systems in the majority of countries. The basic medical problem associated with diabetes is complications and the increased mortality of patients. Complications seriously hinder the normal functioning of the patient and significantly decrease their quality of life.
Aim. The aim of this study was therefore an evaluation of the effect of selected medical and psycho-social factors on the quality of life of diabetes patients.
Material and methods. The study involved a group of 300 patients with confirmed diabetes, remaining in an outpatient setting and supervised by family nurses in the city and district of Cracow. The mean age was 50 years. Type 1 diabetes was present in 77 people (25.7%), and type 2 diabetes in the remaining 223 (74.3%). The following methods were used in the study: a self-developed survey questionnaire, the A. Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC-29), the Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck’s Depression Scale, the Comfort Questionnaire KS-40 and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF).
Results. The study results indicate that among the analysed psycho-social factors the sense of coherence is the most important for the quality of life of diabetes patients. That factor has a positive effect on almost all studied spheres of quality of life.
Conclusions. That means that support of elements of the sense of coherence should be sought in anti-diabetic education, for example by increased consciousness of the sense of recommended lifestyle changes, deepening the understanding of the correlation between lifestyle and the disease, and training self-care skills, which allow the achievement of a higher level of a sense of control over the disease.

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