Właściwości farmakologiczne saponin

*Anna Parus

Summary
Saponins belongs to the group of natural products, widely distributed mainly amongst plants. They are reported to occur in over 500 species of plants. Chemically, saponins are glycosides consisting a sugar moiety and non-sugar aglycone. Depending on the number of sugar chains attached to the aglycone, mono-, bi- and tridesmoside are distinguished. According to the structure of aglycone, saponins are classified as triterpenoid and steroid substances. All saponins have surface-active properties. They dissolved in water to form colloidal solutions and a stable foam upon shaking. Saponins exhibit a wide range of biological properties. Many have pharmacological properties and are use in phytotherapy and also in the cosmetic industry. Moreover many studies in vitro and in vivo exhibited their anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and antitumour activities. The antitumour activity is the most promising because of its possible future therapeutically application, since many cancer cell lines are more vulnerable to saponins than normal cells.

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