Związki bezazotowe w owocnikach grzybów z gromady Basidiomycota

*Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja, Bożena Muszyńska, Halina Ekiert

Summary
Basidiomycota fungi are an important source of biologically active compounds. Many of these components having different actions i.a. antiviral, bacterio- and fungistatic, antiparasitic as well as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective and hypoglycemic, were found in their fruiting bodies. In the presented elaboration we adopted frequently used division of fungal metabolites into two groups: nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous. Compounds occurring in Basidiomycota fungi and belonging to that second metabolite group are represented by carbohydrates, lipids, poliacetylens, poliketides, isoprenoids, sterols, organic acids and phenolic compounds. It is noteworthy that most of them are characterised by little or none toxicity. The best known fungal metabolites are polysaccharides, terpenoids (mono-, sesqui-, di-, tri and tetraterpens) and phenolic components. Amongst variety of well-known pharmacologically active fungal polysaccharides in clinical practice are used lentinan and krestin (i.e. PSK) and also shizophyllan.

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