Komórki macierzyste... przyjaciel czy wróg?

*Paweł Kowalczyk¹, Katarzyna Hulka², Dorota Dziuban³, Maciej Filocha¹

Summary
The development of modern technologies in the fields of genetics, biology and medicine can learn new unexplored mechanisms of human diseases. The ideal model for this type of study are stem cells. Thanks to them, it becomes possible to treat diseases such as various types of leukemia, brain, extensive burns, or the culturing of organs for transplantation. Stem cells are present in the human body throughout his life. The first distinguishing feature stem cells from the other is their ability to differentiate into different cell types, either during embryonic development (embryonic stem cells), whether a particular tissue – tissue stem cells, occurring mainly in those tissues in which there is a need to constantly produce new cells, such as bone marrow, intestine, epidermis. present also in peripheral blood and cord blood, and adult tissues of the human body, including tissue nerve, blood, retina of the eye. Stem cells have the ability to never-ending the number of divisions. From these beginnings arise all tissues in the body. They May also to differentiate into other cell types, serving as renewable source of cells for transplantation and therapy cell. Another very important feature of is asymmetric division. During normal cell mitosis nonnative produced two daughter cells both are identical to each other and with stem cell. So they are replicas of genetic and physical distribution is called a symmetrical.

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