Socioeconomic factors and health risks among smoking women prior to pregnancy in Hungary

*Andrea Fogarasi-Grenczer¹, Ildikó Rákóczi², Péter Balázs³, Kristie L. Foley⁴

Summary
Aim. To assess the social and economic factors that influence tobacco smoking prior to pregnancy.
Material and methods. This research was conducted among mothers who gave birth to babies in the two least developed counties in Hungary (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg) in 2009. Data were obtained from medical records of obstetrical wards and structured interviews conducted by local maternity and child service. There were 7,877 women with complete data on smoking habits among 9,040 women in the study. This represents 9.4% of total live births in Hungary and 71.1% of all live births in the two counties.
Results. The overall prevalence of smoking prior to pregnancy was 46.0%. Smoking women were typically less than 18 years old, underweight, with the lowest levels of education, those living in non-contractual cohabitation, and those with unhealthy dietary habits (p<0.001), further living in deep poverty (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. While planning preventive actions to reduce female tobacco use in gestational age, the socioeconomic situation must be considered.

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