Badania fitochemiczne Asclepias tuberosa L.

Michał Wysocki, Justyna Chanaj, Maria Sikorska, *Irena Matławska

Summary
The aim of this work was to examine free phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds in the leaves and fruit (seeds, seed hairs, pericarps) of Asclepias tuberosa L. The chromatographic analysis of the fractions of ethyl ether was used to establish the presence of free phenolic acids. The compounds which were found are: p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxyphenyloacetic acid, cis/trans p-coumaric acid, hydrocaffeic acid, vanillic acid, cis/trans ferulic acid, isovanillic acid. For the isolation and identification of flavonoids, buthanolic fraction from the methanolic and methanolic-aqueous extract of the leaves and aqueous residues received from the methanolic extract of the pericarps, as well as from the methanolic-aqueous extract of the seed hairs were used. The compounds were separated by using paper and column chromatography methods. The structure of the flavonoid compounds was determined on the basis of partial and total acidic hydrolysis, the values of R_f factor and cochromatography with reference standards. In order to determine the position of the free or substituted hydroxyl groups of flavonoids, the analysis of UV spectra was performed. The following flavonoids were isolated and their structure was described: quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-arabinosyl-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-rhamnosyl-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-diglucoside, kaempferol 3-O-galactosyl-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-rhamnosyl-glucoside.

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