Krew pępowinowa. Część pierwsza – przeszłość

*Dariusz Boruczkowski¹, Katarzyna Pawelec², Piotr Michalski³

Summary
The first report about haematopoietic stem cells transplantation from cord blood with good result, was published in 1989. Since then, the major changes have occurred, based on scientific and technical developments and umbilical cord blood (CB) banks have been established in six continents. Since the first CB transplantation, more than 21 000 transplantations have been reported worldwide and more than 1 000 000 cord blood units (CBUs) have been stored in more than 100 CB banks. Results and the courses of CBUs transplantations in malignant and nonmalignant diseases, in adults and children, show, in comparison with others stem cells sources (bone marrow and mobilized peripheral blood), that CB has several advantages, including prompt availability of the transplant, decrease of Graft versus Host Disease and better long-term immune recovery resulting in a long-term survival. Today developments still want improve on engraftment, by i.e. ex vivo expansion of stem cells, intrabone injection of CB cells and double/simultaneous CB transplantations.
In addition to hematopoietic stem cells, cord blood and especially placenta contain a large number of nonhematopoietic (mesenchymal) stem cells. Today, after over twenty years standards use of hematopoietic stem cells and shorter use of mesenchymal stem cells, the articles describing medical application of both kinds of cells, confirm the possibility of more and more diseases treatment and in the absence of ethical concern, the unlimited supply of mesenchymal cells explains the increasing interest of using cord blood for developing regenerative medicine.

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