Skład chemiczny propolisu polskiego. Cz. I. Początkowy okres badań

*Bogdan Kędzia

Summary
The studies carried out by scientists showed in native propolis the mean of 11.3% water, 4% valatile oil and 1.6% ash. The dried ethanol extract (95% ethanol) from propolis (EEP) includes on average 63.9% of biological active substances and 36.1% of non-soluble residues. The studies showed that EEP obtained by 70% ethanol contents on average 5.0% of flavonoid compounds. To the most frequently and in the largest amounts occurring compounds belong such flavonoids as: tektochrisin, chrisin, pinostrobine and apigenine. The most frequently occuring aromatic acids are: cinnamic acid, isoferulic acid and caffeic acid and aromatic ester: benzoic acid ethyl ester. In volatile oil distilled from EEP were found mainly terpens (geraniol, nerol) and sesquiterpenes (farnesol, caryophyllene, bisabolene). From the group of steroids was found stigmasterol. In EEP of native origin are occurring 22 bioelements among other calcium, magnesium, zinc, chromium and selenium. The total amount of bioelements in EEP is on average 0.6%. The native EEP contents moreover enzymes: α- and β-amylases, maltase and esterases. The total contents of enzymatic protein in EEP is 2.8%. On the basis of above investigations (1978-2000) could be assumed that EEP of native origin is a rich source of biological active substances.

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