Hamowanie aktywności acetylocholinoesterazy i butyrylocholinoesterazy przez surowce roślinne i ich substancje czynne

*Natalia Wszelaki

Summary
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are widely used as a drug for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) – a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder associated with a decline in cognitive abilities. In the treatment of AD only following AChE inhibitors are used: donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine. Since they have many unpleasant side effects, new substances are being investigated. Herbal extracts seem to be a significant source of new potential AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors, like hupercine A isolated from club moss (Huperzia serrata). The biologically active plant-derived substances come from different class of compounds and they are characterized by the diversity of structure. Majority of the bioactive substances are indol, steroids, piperidine, Amaryllidaceae type alkaloids, phenylpropanoids (furanocoumarins, xantons, and flavonoids) and terpenoids (diterpenes). There are many reports that not only pure isolated substances could be applied but also standardized plant extracts (Ginkgo biloba or Salvia officinalis), since they have other constituents also helpful in the therapy (antioxidants). The aim of this article is to collect all the informations from the literature about plants that have been tested for AChE or/and BuChE inhibitory activity and which plants or the constituents remarkable are.

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