Poszukiwanie wyciągów roślinnych o wysokiej aktywności antybiotycznej¹⁾

*Elżbieta Hołderna-Kędzia, Bogdan Kędzia, Alina Mścisz

Summary
According to the great danger caused by antibiotic therapy there is a necessity of searching for new, natural substances with antibiotic properties. Medicinal plants are an excellent source of such compounds. The purpose of our research was to examine the antibiotic activity and chemical composition of some herbal materials used in traditional medicine, which have no or just partial scientific documentation in this range. 405 hydro- and lipophilic fractions, which were obtained from 135 medicinal domestic and far east plants belonging to 43, families (mainly Compositae, Labiatae, Umbelliferae) were used in this research. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts was determined by serial dilution method in fluid medium using S. aureus ATCC 6538P standard strain. The research showed that 9 extracts obtained from Hypericum perforatum L., Melissa officinalis L. (2 extracts), Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Harpagophytum procumbens DC, Inula helenium L., Rosmarinus officinalis L. (2 extracts), and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge had high antibiotic activity (MIC<10 (?g/ml), 52 extracts coming mainly from families Compositae, Labiatae and Rosaceae had medium activity (MIC 10-100 ?g/ml), and 209 had low activity (MIC 100-1000 ?g/ml). The high activity extracts were examined on clinical strains: S. aureus, S. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans and M. gypseum. It is noted, that the examined extracts showed higher antibiotic activity against Gram-positive cocci and dermatophytes than against Gram-negative bacilli and yeasts.

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