Działanie probiotyków na organizm człowieka. Cz. I. Rola flory fizjologicznej przewodu pokarmowego

*Anna Kędzia

Summary
At birth the oral cavity and the gastroitestinal tract are sterile. They are becomes contaminated with microorganisms during the delivery process. The initial colonizing bacteria depends on the food source of the infant. In breast-fed infants bifidobacteria becomes the predominant anaerobe. In bottle-fed infants these Gram-positive rods are not predominant. In an adult the gastrointestinal tract harbours 10 times more bacteria cells than there are cells in the human body (10¹⁴). The microbiota of the gut have an import role in human nutrition, through the fermentation of dietery ingredients. The normal flora synthesize and excrete vitamins i.e. vitamin B₁, B₂, B₁₂ and K, prevent colonization by pathogens, stimulate the production of natural antibodies and defending against infection. The normal flora antagonize other microorganisms though the production of substances which inhibit or kill pathogens. These bacteria produced a variety of substances i.e. fatty acids, peroxides and highly specific bacteriocins, which inhibit or kill other bacteria. But some of these microorganisms also play a role in diseases. It is possibile when normal bowel flora is depleted by antibiotics therapy. This situation leading to overgrowth by the resistant bacilli from genus Clostridium difficile, which can cause diarrea or pseudomembranous colitis. Gastroitestinal disorders could be prevented by the administration of probiotic contain live strains of lactobacilli or bifidobacteria.

To jest tylko fragment artykułu. Aby przeczytać całość, przejdź do Czytelni medycznej.