Eleutherococcus senticosus – przykład rośliny adaptogennej

*Daniel Załuski, Helena D. Smolarz

Summary
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. known as Acanthopanax senticosus Rupr. et Maxim. belongs to the Araliaceae family. The distribution of this plant includes Russia, Japan, China, Korea and Mandshuria. Eleutherococcus senticosus contains many biologically active substances: eleutherosides (e.g. eleutheroside B and E), flavonoids, senticoside, triterpenic saponins, vitamins, minerals, essential oil and complex polysaccharides as ingredients isolated from roots and leaves. 80% of all glycosides isolated from this species are eleutherosides B and E. Eleutheroside E is the most pharmacologically active substance that increases the nonspecific resistance of an organism. In traditional Chinese and Russian medicine it is used to stimulate the immune system. Eleutherococcus senticosus increases lymphocyte proliferation, T – dependent antibody responses and macrophage phagocytosis. Polysaccharides isolated from this species are ideal candidates for therapeutics with anti-tumor and wound-healing action. Eleutherococcus senticosus is known to be effective for reducing many kinds of stress or fatigue. The extract from this plant reduces cardiovascular stress response and increases resistance to stress. Eleutherococcus senticosus shows antioxidant and anticancer properties and inhibits inflammatory action. Eleutherococcus senticosus is an example of an adaptogenic plant, moreover it plays a significant role in disease prevention and health promotion. The term adaptogen was originally coined in 1947 by N. V. Lazarev. Adaptogens could be synthetic or natural substances. Natural adaptogens are produced by many plants and mashrooms, e.g. Rhodiola rosea, Schisandra chinensis, Aralia mandshurica, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinula edodes.

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