Zespół hemolityczno-mocznicowy

*Dominika Adamczuk, Iwona Bieroza, Maria Roszkowska-Blaim

Streszczenie
This paper presents issues of hemolytic – uremic syndrome (HUS), which is known as the most common cause of acute renal failure in children below 3 years of age. HUS is a multiststem disorder characterized as a triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Injury of the endothelial cells and microthrombi production are the crucial initiating factors of HUS. There are three types of HUS: typical, preceeded by prodromal diarrhea (D+ HUS) caused mainly by shiga – toxin producing Escherichia coli, serotype O157:H7, atypical (D-) and secondary HUS. Among of them the most common in children is D+ HUS. Acute renal failure manifests in 55-70% of cases of D+ HUS, however renal function recovers in most of them. Atypical HUS (D-) without prodromal diarrhea) is a group of heterogenic abnormalities of complement regulation and coagulation with a poor prognosis. Up to 50% of cases progress to end stage renal disease. The aim of this paper is to present the most characteristic clinical features of HUS, which enable early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of HUS. An algorithm of treatment has been presented, which is different in typical and atypical forms of HUS.

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