Czynniki neurotoksyczne w środowisku życia dzieci przyczyną zaburzeń rozwojowych w aspekcie autyzmu¹⁾

*Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska, Wioletta Grys, Jacek Rynkowski

Streszczenie
Autism is a developmental disorder, which is defined by behaviour and diagnosed by clinical history and observation, up to this time there are not any biomarkers. They are diagnosed on the basis of dysfunctions such as impaired social interaction, impaired communication and restricted and repetitive interests and activities. There are numerous theories as to the specific causes of autism, but they are as yet not proven. Autism is a complex metabolic disorder involving multiple organ systems, primarily the immunological, gastrointestinal and neurological systems. Autism appears within the first 3 years of life. The exact reason for the disease is not known, however, there are a lot of theories suggesting a connection between its ethiology and early damage to the part of brain responsible for cognitive functions. The influence of different environmental factors (neurotoxic substances) plays a significant role in each stage of life. Neurotoxic substances are the substances that adversely affect structural or functional components of the nervous system. The article presents the latest literature findings showing correlation between autism and neurotoxic factors, environmental stress, oxidative stress, psychosocial stress. The dependence between nervous and immune systems are also presented. The research on disorders in immune system and their correlation with neurological diseases initiated a new branch of science-neuroimmunology.

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