Immunopatologia zakażenia wirusem RS

Aleksandra Szczawińska-Popłonyk

Streszczenie
Respiratory syncytial virus is a common cause of respiratory tract infections in infants and young children and the primary cause of hospitalisation in this age group. Long-term sequelae of the RSV infection manifested as episodes of wheezing, development of bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity to environmental allergens are currently subjects of extensive research although the pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for this association have not been fully elucidated. The immunopathogenetic phenomena of RSV bronchiolitis presented in the paper may be of potential role in development of obstructive bronchopulmonary disease. Herein are discussed host immune response both humoral (neutralizing antibodies, RSV- specific IgE antibodies) and cellular (cytotoxic lymphocyte cells CD8, CD4 lymphocytes type Th1 vs. Th2), viral induction of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory mediators (IFN gamma, TNF alpha, interleukins, eicosanoids), risk factors for severe course of bronchiolitis (immunodeficiencies, congenital cyanotic heart diseases, chronic airway diseases or abnormalities, prematurity) and also neurogenic and genetic factors.

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