Od zwyrodnienia do zapalenia – współczesne poglądy na patogenezę choroby zwyrodnieniowej stawów

Paweł Z. Hrycaj, Jan K. Łącki

Streszczenie
Summary
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common rheumatic disorders and poses an important sociomedical challenge. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the osteoarthritis resulting from the change in the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. For many years degenerative joint disease was regarded as a simple, age related, „wear and tear” problem. However, recent studies provide evidence that osteoarthritis results from a complex interplay of genetic, biologic, biomechanic, metabolic, inflammatory and imunologic factors. A number of mediators including cytokines operate in osteoarthritis and regulate the cartilage metabolism, activate matrix metalloproteases and the other proteolytic enzymes, and participate in the formation of osteophytes. The understanding of the pathomechanisms of osteoarthritis has important practical implications – it promotes research in the area of the novel treatment options like cytokine inhibitors, protease and nitric oxide inhibitors, stimulators of the cartilage matrix synthesis and chondrocyte growth, and the gene therapy.

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