Molekularne i komórkowe parametry w gruźlicy

© Borgis - Nowa Medycyna 1/2009, s. 43-47

*Magdalena Druszczyńska, Dominik Strapagiel, Wiesława Rudnicka

Streszczenie
Background: One third of the human population is infected with Mycobacterium. tuberculosis, but only 5-10% of the infected subjects develop active disease. The host genetic background that determines macrophage and T-lymphocyte immune responses is considered as one of the causes of the diversified course of M. tuberculosis infection. It is possible that the different activity of macrophages, becoming apparent during mycobacterial infection, can be a factor that determines susceptibility/resistance of humans to tuberculosis.
Aim: The aim of the study was to estimate a potential role of the polymorphisms of genes cd14, tlr2, tlr4, mbl-2 and slc11a1, encoding products important for macrophage functions, in susceptibility/resistance of humans to tuberculosis. Considering the importance of TNF-α and IL-12 in the cellular immunity to mycobacteria the in vitro production of that cytokines by PBML stimulated with alive BCG bacilli was estimated.
Material and methods: A group of 283 volunteers, including 147 patients with tuberculosis and 136 healthy volunteers with no tuberculosis history was included into the study. The polymorphism of examined genes was determined using PCR or PCR-RFLP techniques. Serum sCD14 and MBL concentrations as well as levels of TNF-α and IL-12 produced by macrophages were tested by ELISA.
Results: There was no association between the polymorphism of examined genes and IL-12 and TNF-α secretion by BCG-stimulated macrophages from patients with tuberculosis and healthy controls. BCG-stimulated TNF-α and IL-12 production was found to be significantly decreased in patients with tuberculosis compared with healthy controls.
Conclusions: Decreased TNF-α and IL-12 production by macrophages may promote the development of mycobacteria and play an important role in the development of active tuberculosis.

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