New bacterial zoonotic pathogens

*Marcin Ciszewski¹, Tomasz Czekaj¹, Piotr Chojnacki², Eligia M. Szewczyk¹

Summary
The article presents the problem of new zoonotic bacterial pathogens posing a threat to humans. Currently, 11 pathogens responsible for causing human zoonotic diseases are being monitored by the European Union epidemiological authorities, 7 of which are bacteria: Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella spp., Escherichia coli VTEC/STEC and Coxiella burnetti. Nonetheless, many new emerging zoonotic bacteria, which are not currently monitored by ECDC might also pose a serious epidemiological problem in the foreseeable future: Streptococcus iniae, S. suis, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and staphylococci: Staphylococcus intermedius and S. pseudintermedius. These species have just crossed the animal-human interspecies barrier. The mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. It is connected, however, with genetic variability and capability to survive in changing environment, which are the result of DNA rearrangement and horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells. The recent substantial increase in the number of scientific publications on this subject testifies to the importance of the problem.

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