Choroby wywoływane przez drobnoustroje bytujące na skórze

Magdalena A. Zych¹, Ewa B. Górska¹, Urszula Jankiewicz², *Paweł Kowalczyk¹, Wojciech Stępień³

Summary
The skin is a multifunctional organ that protects other tissues from attack by external microorganisms. It is therefore subject to minor injuries that destroy the integrity and result in greater access to deeper layers of the skin. Most common skin infections are caused by staphylococci and streptococci, but in most cases the infection is also found other bacteria. Infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue can occur in many forms including: erythema, purulent inflammatory foci, spotted rash, lumpy and vesicular-ulcers, subcutaneous tissue necrosis. Infections of the skin may have a different character. Primary infection, where the inflammation is located in the dermis layer (rose, impetigo) in the hair follicle (purulent inflammation of the hair follicle, furunculosis) and around fingernails (paronychia) and in the subcutaneous tissue – inflammation of the connective tissue. Secondary infection on wound infection resulting from trauma, bites, burns, wounds surgically developed. For secondary infection can also include purulent leg ulcers and feet (diabetic foot), abscesses and inflammation bedsores sweat glands. Willing to bacterial infections depends on various factors, such as the reduction of cellular and humoral immunity, the concomitant systemic diseases (such as diabetes), and the physical condition of the body wasting. Formation of infection depends on both the properties of the pathogenic bacteria, as well as on the immune system, resulting in inflammation of the skin. Bacterial lipopolisacharide cause activation of macrophages for production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1, MCP-1, there is a production of chemotactic cytokines such as IL-8, and adhesion molecules expressed on keratinocytesα". If the defense is sufficient pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, inhabit the skin only temporarily.

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