Determinanty warunkujące satysfakcję z profilaktycznej endoskopii jelita grubego

*Dariusz Bazaliński^1,2, Dorota Kaczmarska², Zdzisława Chmiel¹, Paweł Więch¹, Małgorzata Dereń²

Summary
Introduction. In recent years endoscopic procedures of the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract have not only been focusing on the detection of large bowel diseases and determination of their stage but have also been used as preventive screening in colorectal cancer, allowing effective diagnoses of colorectal malignancies in their asymptomatic stage. Many patients believe that colonoscopy is a painful examination, burdened with numerous complications, requiring long preparation and a starvation diet.
Purpose. The objective of this work was to recognise factors determining patient’s satisfaction with endoscopy of the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract within the frames of colorectal cancer screening.
Material and methods. The study was performed using a survey method with a two-part questionnaire form. Additionally, two other measures were applied i.e. the pain intensity numeric rating scale NRS and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI. Obtained research data were analysed statistically with the chi-square Pearson’s test. The total number of 340 patients, who underwent screening colonoscopy, were asked to participate in the study and 283 of them volunteered.
Results. More than the half of respondents believed that the screening program and the incidence of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract were the major reasons for their participation in screening. Anxiety, fear of the diagnosis, and fear of the examination itself were dominant emotions related with their decision to undergo colonoscopy. When asked about the sense of safety and intimacy during the examination, almost all patients (96%) gave high marks for the colonoscopy team. Mean pain intensity, assessed by respondents on the numeric rating scale, was 4.5 points. Patients living in the rural area manifested significantly higher level of anxiety when compared with respondents living in the urban settings.
Conclusions. Minimising fear and anxiety during colonoscopy and meticulous mental and physical preparation of the patient for the examination were the main determinants responsible for the level of patient’s satisfaction with large bowel endoscopic procedures. The assumptions and the idea of colorectal cancer screening together with functional disorders of the intestines belonged to the most frequent factors motivating patients to undergo screening colonoscopy. Almost all respondents scored highly when assessing the level of safety and intimacy during the examination.
Colonoscopy correlated with moderate pain (NRS 4.5) as it was indicated by respondents and women reported pain more frequently.

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