Rola stresu oksydacyjnego w autyzmie

*Joanna Kałużna-Czaplińska¹, Wioletta Grys¹, Anna Szymańska², Jacek Rynkowski¹

Streszczenie
Autism is a neurodevelopmental and multifactorial disorder with the onset prior to 3 years of age. Autism is a behaviourally defined disorder which involves a combination of impairments in communication, reciprocal social interactions, and stereotyped patterns of interest/behavior.
Increasing evidence suggests the role of oxidative stress in the development and clinical manifestation of autism. In normal conditions there is a dynamic equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant capacity of the cell. Reactive oxygen species includes superoxide, hydroxyl, peroxyl, alkoxy, and nitric oxide free radicals. Superoxide is the first reduction product of molecular oxygen, and it is an important source of hydroperoxides and deleterious free radicals.
The oxidative stress in autism may be caused by an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species by endogenous/exogenous pro-oxidants and the defence mechanism against reactive oxygen species by antioxidants. Levels of major antioxidant serum proteins, namely transferrin (iron-binding protein) and ceruloplasmin (copper-binding protein), are decreased in children with autism. There is a positive correlation between reduced levels of these proteins and loss of previously acquired language skills in children with autism. New studies have suggested alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in autism.

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